Big horsepower numbers are created for vehicles by manufacturers by turbocharging or supercharging the engine. However, both are different. So, what is the difference between the two?
Table of Contents
How is a turbo different from a supercharger?
The Turbocharger
Turbos capture the hot exhaust leaving the engine and then force-feed it back into the engine through a turbine impeller. Once the impeller spools up, this hot force-fed air is mixed with gasoline, combustion happens, and the horsepower increases.
The Superchargers
Superchargers operate on the same principle as turbochargers; they focus on increasing airflow. However, the execution is different. Superchargers are typically linked directly to the crankshaft of the engine by a belt or chain. The volume of air forced through is directly proportional to the crankshaft revolutions.
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The Difference Between Turbochargers & Superchargers
Turbochargers will have a lag before the power kicks in. It takes up to a second or more for the impeller in the turbo to get up to speed (known as spooling). Then you feel a noticeable kick in the pants as the power hits. This delay is known as turbo lag. Manufacturers have made great strides over the years to reduce lag, but it’s still there.
Superchargers will have no lag since there is no wait for the power increase. The response is immediate, and the operating temperatures are generally cooler. However, it requires horsepower at the crank to work.
So, it is not as efficient as a turbo, which uses exhaust gas, a waste product. Both systems will need intercoolers to operate the best. An intercooler is a component that cools the air before it enters the engine. The cooler the air temperature, the happier the engine.
Conclusion
As manufacturers perfect the turbo and supercharger systems in the future, car buyers will enjoy their driving even more with any of them. Finding ways to improve performance and efficiency will increase the interest of car lovers in a particular vehicle. As the systems are continuously improved by manufacturers, the horsepower numbers will continue to increase.
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